POST WINGS

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The "Three-Legged Earthenware Zhi" was created during the Xia Dynasty of China (approximately 2070–1600 BC) and is one of the key representative artifacts from the early Bronze Age civilization and the initial stage of national institutions in China. The Xia Dynasty, as the first dynasty that aligns with both legend and archaeological evidence, marks a historical turning point from prehistoric tribes to the development of a centralized state and ritualistic civilization.

This piece is made entirely of pottery, with a shape resembling the bronze "Zhi": the upper part is an open cup shape with a single handle for easy holding and pouring; the lower part features three tall legs, distributed for stability, allowing it to stand upright on a fire for heating or to be displayed in ritual contexts. The body of the vessel is simply and powerfully decorated, with a ring of sharp lines around the midsection highlighting the separation of curved surfaces, showcasing a humble yet dignified aesthetic. The three-legged design not only draws from Neolithic traditions but also serves as a prototype reference for later bronze ritual vessels.

The earthenware Zhi was primarily used for holding wine during rituals, making it an indispensable object in ceremonial culture and noble feasts, reflecting the hierarchical structure, hereditary concepts of family rule, and the initial formation of the ritual and musical systems in Xia society. This three-legged earthenware Zhi is not only a classic example of ritual vessels from the Xia Dynasty but also an important testimony to the evolution of ritual systems and material culture in the earliest Chinese dynasties.

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